What form(s) did Bodhidharma teach to Shaolin Monks?

topic posted Mon, September 18, 2006 - 1:53 PM by  nanny
Besides Zen, what were the martial techniques?
posted by:
nanny
California
  • one legend is that Bodhidharma came to Shao-lin and went to meditate in a cave for 9 years. Upon coming out he taught two majour methods of energy-physical cultivation

    The first was called changing the muscles and tendons. And some say that part of it consisted of a set called 'Bodhidharmas fist set' Another set is 'Bodhidharma's palm set' and some also say the '18 lohan palms' is part of this tradition.

    The second part was called 'Cleansing the marrow' and dealt primarily with meditative cultivation and transmutation of sexual energy.

    My teacher also taught that the first part of this training was a set called Bodhidharmas temple excersises - these were the outermost training, offered to anyone - then inner disciples could recieve the tendon changing practice and finally special students recieved the last set.

    What is interesting is that if you look at Bodhidharmas fist set (and the temple exercises) you will see many forms that look just like the majour poses in the shaolin kung fu sets. Most of the sets have places that pause in a posture - these postures are partially about qigong and look much like some of the bodhidharma forms. The fist set postures are also like archetypal movements of the body.

    So, one theory is that when later monks who had studied marial arts came to the temple - they realized that they could incorporate Bodhidharmas yogic methods into their martial knowledge - this marriage became shaolin kung fu.
    • The following information was obtained from the book, "The Dao of TaijiQuan" by Tsung Hwa Jou. This is one of the most insightful and high level martial arts books I've ever read and my first taiji teacher, who had worked with Jou, had only the greatest respect and praise for his skill as a taiji player.

      The monk was actually named Damo, Bodhidharma is a buddhist title. He introduced 3 main systems of exercise to the monks. The first was yijinjing or "the change of tendons". The second was xisuijing, or "the marrow washing". The third was essentially the first shaolin martial form, the 18 Buddha's hands. Apparently though, after the death of Damo the actual practice of these exercises was very limited and it was not until several hundred years later that they became what is considered to be traditional shaolin martial arts.
      • actually, DaMo is a shortening of Pu Ti Da Mo - which is the chinese adaptation of the sanskrit BodhiDharma - (meaning something like - consciousness of The Way, or maybe The Law of Awakening) - just the same way that 'Chan' the type of buddhism attributed to Bodhidharma is a chinese version of the Sanskrit 'Dhyana' (meaning concentration/meditation)

        peace
        • The Bodhidharma (yep, it's a title...), travelled over the himalayas from India, where he was a master of Yoga. He did this on FOOT, mind you.....no small feat, even today in a car!
          When he arrived in China, he could not find anywhere to stay and continue his teachings. He discovered the Shaolin Temple (which one first, is still under some debate), where he discovered the monks were a lazy, out of shape bunch. He observed them meditating, and saw that the general effect the meditations had on the monks was to put them to sleep.
          He went from the temple into the mountains, to meditate on the problem. He felt that the monks had great potential, and were wasting away in the present practices.
          While in the mountains, he closely observed the animals around him, and developed a system of movement (the 18 Lohan Fist), which was a collection of animal movements.
          He returned to the temple, and taught these techniques (movements) to the monks, and asked that they perform these movements during thier meditations.
          It was soon discovered, that while the monks performed the movements in a meditative state, that they had skill and strength which surpassed reason. The monks, who had long been victims of bandits while on the roads, expounded on the ideas and teachings of the Bodhidharma, and expanded the set of movements to the original five animal forms.
          And yes, he also taught the Bone Marrow Washing, and the Tendon Changing, which are techniques based in Tibetian Yoga.
          The monks continued to train, and expand thier knowledge base, bringing Kung Fu into being for the first time....

          At least, thats how I know the story....


          Peace and Truth,

          Tzujan

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